Is rare but dangerous. Though most infected individuals show no symptoms, about 5% progress to serious brain disease. Neurological symptoms, like fever, headache, seizures, and impaired consciousness can develop 3–10 days post‑bite. Case fatality rates range from 30% to 75%, and survivors often face long-lasting challenges, including memory loss or motor deficits.
Occurs more frequently across the U.S. In 2025, CDC reports 49 confirmed human WNV cases, including neuro-invasive forms. There is no human vaccine or specific treatment; preventive habits and managing mosquito habitats remain key tools.
High-risk windows: Peak mosquito hours are at dawn and dusk. Warm spells into autumn can extend risk up until the first hard frost.
Eliminate standing water – Empty flower pots, buckets, bird baths weekly.
Maintain landscape – Trim tall grass and shrubs where mosquitoes rest.
Use effective repellents – Apply EPA‑recommended mosquito repellent on exposed skin if spending time outdoors.
Schedule thoughtfully – Limit outdoor activity during peak mosquito hours in early morning or evening.
Improve home barriers – Keep window and door screens intact and fans running in outdoor areas.